Description
Domoic acid is a kainic acid-type neurotoxin produced naturally by certain types of algae, particularly those in the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. It bioaccumulates in filter-feeding marine animals like shellfish, mussels, and some fish species. When humans or wildlife consume contaminated seafood, domoic acid can lead to amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), a condition characterized by neurological symptoms such as memory loss, seizures, dizziness, and in severe cases, brain damage or death.
Specification
| Item | Domoic Acid |
|---|
| Catalog | MC14277975 |
| CAS | 14277-97-5 |
| Molecular Formula | C15H21NO6 |
| Molecular Weight | 311.33 |
| Purity | >97% |
| Solubility | Soluble in water (8 mg/mL), dilute mineral acids, alkali hydroxide solutions, and methanol (0.6 mg/mL). |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Canonical SMILES | CC(C=CC=C(C)C1CNC(C1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O |
| Isomeric SMILES | C[C@H](/C=C/C=C(/C)\[C@H]1CN[C@@H]([C@H]1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O |
| InChi Code | InChI=1S/C15H21NO6/c1-8(4-3-5-9(2)14(19)20)11-7-16-13(15(21)22)10(11)6-12(17)18/h3-5,9-11,13,16H,6-7H2,1-2H3,(H,17,18)(H,19,20)(H,21,22)/b5-3+,8-4-/t9-,10+,11-,13+/m1/s1 |
| InChi Key | VZFRNCSOCOPNDB-AOKDLOFSSA-N |
| Storage Temperature | 4 °C |
Mechanism of Action
Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin that primarily exerts its harmful effects by acting as an excitatory amino acid. Once ingested, it crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds to specific glutamate receptors—mainly the kainate subtypes—on neuronal cells. This binding results in the overactivation of these receptors, leading to an excessive influx of calcium ions inside the neurons. The elevated calcium levels, in turn, trigger a cascade of intracellular events that overwhelm the cell's regulatory mechanisms, causing oxidative stress and the activation of destructive enzymes. Ultimately, this process leads to neuronal damage and cell death, which manifests as the neurological symptoms observed in domoic acid poisoning.
Choose Alfa Chemistry
Alfa Chemistry is dedicated to quality and innovation. By harnessing the boundless potential of marine resources, we have developed an extensive portfolio of premium products designed to meet the evolving needs of our customers. We proudly offer a wide array of marine toxin products, including domoic acid, at competitive prices. If you have any specific requirements or inquiries, please do not hesitate to reach out to us. We are here to assist you and meet your needs promptly.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
